Side inlet conical spray nozzle



Sept. 12, 1961 F. W. WAHLIN ETAL SIDE INLET CONICAL SPRAY NOZZLE @ffy United States Patent F 2,999,648 SIDE INLET CONICAL SPRAY N'OZZLE Fred W. Wahlin, St. Charles, and Edward J. OBrien, Glen Ellyn, Ill., assignors to Spraying Systems Co., Bellwood, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Filed Aug. 10, 1959, Ser. No. v832,648 7 Claims. (Cl. 239-487) This invention relates to nozzles of the type having a passage therein which leads to a concentric spray discharge and the passage has deecting means therein by which a whirling movement is impar-ted to liquid supplied through the passage to the orifice which causes the liquid to emerge from the orice in a conical-shaped spray, the invention having reference more particularly to the provision of such nozzle -with a side connection for supply of liquid to said passage in a manner to avoid distortion of the conical spray emerging from the orifice.

It is important for uniformity of spray discharge from a nozzle that the whirling liquid reach the orifice in a condition of uniform exit ilow around the aXiS of the orifice.

Side supply of the liquid to the passage imparts crosswise flow of liquid at the place of entrance therein to generate an unbalance of liquid ow in the passage leading to the orifice. Deflection of the liquid towards the orifice is more pronounced at the far side of this passage than it is at the entry side thereof nearest the source -of liquid supply, and a corresponding inequality of flow is set up through the passage and the orifice to cause undesirable non-uniformity of spray discharge therefrom.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a construction of a deiiector-equipped side inlet conical spray nozzle that compensates for the unbalancing effect of the side supply of liquid to the deflector-equipped whirl passage thereof, that routes liquid entering crosswise to the whirl passage into a uniform ow pattern that is distributed concentrically about the axis of the passage, that is rugged and eilicient in operation, and that is simple to fabricate and assemble; these and other objects being accomplished as pointed out more particularly hereinafter and as disclosed in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a side-elevational view of a spray nozzle assembly constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side-sectional view through the center of the nozzle assembly and illustrating the preferred constructional embodiment thereof;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of FIG. 2; and

FIGS. 4-7 are side-sectional views illustrating four modified spray nozzle constructions embodying the invention.

Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to FIGS. l-3 thereof, wherein a preferred constructional embodiment of a side inlet conical spray nozzle, as illustrated for purposes of disclosure, has a circular spray discharge orifice 11, with a delivery passage 12 leading to and terminating in such orice and a supply passage 13 intersecting the delivery passage at the entrance end thereof and supplying liquid thereto in a direction crosswise of the axis of the delivery passage. The delivery passage 12 constitutes a whirl passage and has deiiecting means 16 disposed therein for imparting a whirling motion to 35 the liquid supplied through the delivery passage to the Patented Sept. 12, 1951 orice. This whirling movement imparted to the liquid causes it to emerge from the orifice in the form of a divergent conical spray.

It should be noted that the side connection of the supply passage to the delivery passage encourages the development of an unbalanced flow of the liquid moving through the delivery passage and orifice, and such unbalance would result in a distorted spray discharge pattern. Flow of liquid in the delivery passage tends to concentrate along the side thereof remote from the point of supply of the liquid, and once an inequality of flow is established in the delivery passage, it aiects the uniformity of the spray discharge since the whirl chamber and its deecting means 16 are not effective to correct uneven ow distributions.

The nozzle construction illustrated in FIGS. l-3 compensates for the unbalancing flow eifect in the orifice of the side supply of liquid to the delivery passage such that the spray pattern from the oriiice is equalized about the axis of the delivery passage. The nozzle construction includes corrective means at the region of intersection of the supply and delivery passages for altering the crosswies flow path of liquid atv the entrance end of the delivery passage. Thus a cavity 14 is provided at the region of intersection of these passages, the cavity surrounding the entrance end of the delivery passage and providing a divided annular flow, as indicated by the arrows 14A in FIG. 3, for diverting part of the liquid supply to enter the delivery passage at the far side thereof and eifect the desired iiow equalization.

The supply passage 13 thus constitutes an entrance passage leading into the side of the cavity 14 to supply liquid to the cavity in a direction of ow crosswise of the cavity, while the delivery passage constitutes an exit paspage from the cavity and has its entrance exposed to the cavity adjacent the bottom end thereof for carrying the liquid which is redirected in the cavity toward the orifice 11 located at the exit end of the delivery passage.

In the preferred constructional embodiment illustrated herein for purposes of disclosure, the nozzle structure comprises an assembly of a nozzle body 17 forming the delivery passage 12 and discharge orifice 11 and provided with an externally threaded section 17T and an adjacent, generally annular, external abutment 17A that is preferably `defined by flat-sided faces 17F to facilitate wrench engagement, and a coupling body 18 forming the supply passage 13 and cavity 14 and having a generally rectangular cross-sectional configuration dened by flatsurfaced top, bottom, side and end walls designated 18T, 18B, 18S, and 18E, respectively. The top Wall of the coupling has a threaded opening adjacent but spaced from the end closure wall 18E and forming a mounting socket for receiving the nozzle body in liquid-tight, threaded engagement with the threaded section 17T thereof.

The nozzle body 17 includes a skirt portion 17S surrounding and defining the entrance end of the delivery passage and projecting downwardly through the cavity to intercept the crosswise flow pattern of liquid entering the same, with the skirt diverting and routing supply liquid to the side of the cavity adjacent the end closure wall of the coupling body. The skirt terminates shortly above the bottom Wall of the cavity to locate the entrance to the delivery passage adjacent the bottom of the Ycavity and facilitate a uniform ilo-w distribution of liquid in the delivery passage.

It will be apparent that liquid flowing in the supply passage adjacent the bottom Wall 18B thereof flows in a direction leading directly across the entrance end of the delivery passage, and this liquid tends to accumulate on the side of the delivery passage remote from the point of supply. A corrective post 19 located along the axis of the delivery passage between the deecting means 16 and the bottom wall of the cavity spreads the liquid owing along the bottom of the cavity and redirects it for achieving a more balanced distribution of liow about the axis of the delivery passage. The corrective post 19 is preferably frustoconical and tapers towards the vorifice to act as a central deector for diverting some of the liquid flowing crosswise in the bottom of the cavity into axial ow through the delivery passage.

The arrangement of the cavity 14 and the disposition of the skirt 17S cooperate with the corrective post 19 to complete equalization of the flow distribution about the axis of the delivery passage. It will be apparent that the liquid in the upper part of the supply passage ows through the cavity along the path indicated by the arrows 14A and, thus, is redirected to enter the delivery passage in directions at least partially facing the point of supply. Some of this liquid is also diverted to flow along the axis of the delivery passage by the post 19.

The deflecting means 16 is preferably constructed identically with the deecting means shown in Wahlin Patent 2,305,210, issued December 15, 1942; and as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 of the aforementioned Wahlin patent, the deflecting means, or swirl member 16, as it is described therein, comprises a pair of semi-elliptical intersecting vanes 22 and 23 arranged angularly to impart a whirling movement to liquid under pressure passing through the delivery passage. Each of the vanes 22 and 23 is provided with a notch 24 and 25, respectively, so as to cause liquid passing through the delivery passage to discharge from the orifice in the form of a diverging spray.

The delivery passage has an internal shoulder 12S facing towards its entrance end to define a mounting charnber for the deflector element 16, which is first assembled into the nozzle body, with the nozzle body then being threadedly secured in the coupling. In the preferred construction, the corrective post 19 is an upstanding, integral projection on the bottom cavity wall and tapers upwardly along the axis of the delivery passage to engage and support the deflector element 16 in proper position within its mounting chamber. Thus, this post functions both as a support pillar for the deector element 16 and as a central deflector for diverting liquid ilowing crosswise in the bottom of the cavity into an axial flow path through the delivery passage.

In the modification shown in FIG. 4, the corrective post 19 is shown formed as an integral axial stem extension of the bottom end of the deilector 16 for spacing the deilector above the bottom cavity wall; and while not tapered, it again functions as a central obstruction to liq- -uid ilowing across the bottom of the cavity for diverting this liquid into a more uniform distribution pattern.

In the modification shown in FIG. 5, a separate post element 19 of upwardly tapered configuration is mounted to project through the bottom wall of the cavity for supporting the deflector 16 and redistributing the liquid ow as required.

FIG. 6 illustrates a further modified construction wherein a spring clip 20 having a central dome-shaped projection 19 is mounted within the bottom of the cavity to support the deector vane and assist in redirecting the liquid entering the delivery passage.

Finally, the embodiment of FIG. 7 illustrates a modied construction employing a tapered post-like element 19 staked within a suitable socket formed in the bottom wall of the cavity to project upwardly therein and support the deflector vane.

While We have shown and described our invention in a preferred form, we are aware that various changes and modications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is to be determined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A side inlet spray nozzle comprising a body having therein a whirl chamber passage and an inlet passage both of which extend inwardly into the body and are disposed in crosswise relation to one another in a common plane substantially at the midwidth of each, the inlet passage being closed at its inner end and the whirl chamber passage having a spray discharge orifice at the outer end thereof from which the whirl chamber passage extends inwardly into the inlet passage at one side thereof and projects therein centrally of the width of the inlet passage toward the opposite side thereof and is open at its inner end to provide an entrance thereto which faces toward said opposite side and is spaced thereform to provide a passage therebetween, the portion of the whirl chamber passage which projects into the inlet passage being defined by a surrounding wall which projects toward and terminates at a distance from said opposite side of the inlet passage to provide said entrance to the whirl chamber passage and said surrounding wall being disposed at a distance from the closed end of the inlet passage to provide the inlet passage with an end space beyond the said surrounding wall and the said surrounding wall being disposed within the inlet passage in a position providing a-t opposite sides of the aforesaid common plane corresponding and uniform paths of ow at opposite sides of the surrounding Wall and between the open inner end of the whirl chamber passage and inner end of said wall and said opposite side of the inlet passage toward and to said end space at the closed end of the inlet passage.

2. A side inlet spray nozzle as defined in claim l in which the body comprises two parts, one of which has the inlet passage therein and the other of which has the Whirl chamber passage therein and said parts are secured together to provide the body.

3. A side inlet spray nozzle as defined in claim l in which the whirl chamber passage is provided within the inner end portion thereof with a member providing passages therethrough Which impart a whirling movement to a fluid passing therethrough into the whirl chamber passage between said member and the spray discharge orifice.

4. A side inlet spray nozzle as dened in claim 1 in which a member is disposed in the inlet passage in the path of flow therein through the space between the Whirl chamber passage entrance and the said opposite side of the inlet passage and the said member extends from said opposite side to the said entrance and at the center of the space therebetween.

5. A side inlet spray nozzle as defined in claim l in which the whirl chamber passage is provided therein at the entrance end thereof with a member which imparts whirling movement to a fluid passing into the whirl chamber passage at the entrance end thereof and said member has a central stem disposed at the center of the said entrance and extending from said member to said opposite side of the inlet passage.

6. A side inlet spray nozzle as defined in claim 1 in which the whirl chamber passage is provided therein at the entrance end with a removable member which is adapted to impart a whirling movement to fluid passing through the said entrance of the whirl chamber passage into the interior of said whirl chamber passage and said member is spaced from said opposite side of the passage by a stem which is disposed centrally of said member and extends therefrom to said opposite side of the inlet passage.

7. A side inlet spray nozzle as dened in claim l in which the surrounding wall of the whirl chamber passage obstructs the major portion of the cross section of the inlet passage and the space between the entrance to the whirl chamber passage and the said opposite side of the inlet passage has a central stem extending between said entrance and opposite side and obstructing a small part of the minor portion of the cross section of the inlet passage.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,218,110 Hosmer et al. Oct. 15, 1940 6 Wahlin Dec. 15, 1942 Rowley Jan. 20, 1948 Lyman Apr. 24, 1951 Wilmes Nov. 17, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain of 1910 Germany July 11, 1927 France Sep-t. 1, 1958 

